A very long example

The script generates the following plot (if you have the datafiles!):

Code

This example combines calling functions implemented in C and linked into perl, loading files, chosing log-distributed points and plotstyle based on filename, pushing datapoints from files and functions into xmgrace, and adjusting positions of graphs and adding labels. The resulting figure was published in European Physics letters.

#!/bin/sh
eval 'exec perl /home/zqex/bin/xmg.pl $0 ${1+"$@"}'
##xmgrace -geometry 1320x960 -autoscale none

use lib '/home/zqex/include';

## load an external perl library, where I have implemented the theory in C
use ExtUtils::testlib;
use DoubleTube;


## A4 and filename
#PAGE SIZE 3000,400


##filename of when printing
#PRINT TO "rg_abc.eps"

$b=0.7528; $b2=$b*$b;

$dC_rnd=2.77*$b;
$Phi_rnd=0.912;

$dC_end=2.57*$b;
$Phi_end=0.916;


my $Rg=0;
my $Nlab=0;
my $l;

sub LoadFileRg
{
  $fn=shift;

  ($lam)= $fn =~ /s(\d\d\d)/;
  if ($fn =~ /x$/) {$l=$lam/100;}
  if ($fn =~ /y$/) {$l=1.0/sqrt($lam/100);}

  $simsym=1;
  if ($fn=~/s200.x/ ) { $simsym=8; }
  if ($fn=~/s200.y/ ) { $simsym=9; }
  if ($fn=~/s400.x/ ) { $simsym=2; }
  if ($fn=~/s400.y/ ) { $simsym=3; }

  open FI,"$fn";
  while ()
     {
        ($x,$y)=split ;

#g$graph.s$set point $x,$y
     }
  close(FI);

#g$graph.s$set symbol $simsym
#g$graph.s$set symbol size 1.5
#g$graph.s$set symbol linewidth 3.0
#g$graph.s$set line type 0
#g$graph.s$set symbol color 1
#g$graph.s$set comment "$fn"
$set++;
}


sub LoadFileRg2
{
  $fn=shift;

  ($lam)= $fn =~ /s(\d\d\d)/;
  if ($fn =~ /x$/) {$l=$lam/100;}
  if ($fn =~ /y$/) {$l=1.0/sqrt($lam/100);}

  $simsym=1;
  if ($fn=~/s200.x/ ) { $simsym=8; }
  if ($fn=~/s200.y/ ) { $simsym=9; }
  if ($fn=~/s400.x/ ) { $simsym=2; }
  if ($fn=~/s400.y/ ) { $simsym=3; }

  open FI,"$fn";
  while ()
     {
        ($x,$y)=split ;
        $y/=(($x-1)*$b2)/6.0;

#g$graph.s$set point $x,$y
     }
  close(FI);

#g$graph.s$set symbol $simsym
#g$graph.s$set symbol size 1.5
#g$graph.s$set symbol linewidth 3.0
#g$graph.s$set line type 0
#g$graph.s$set symbol color 1
#g$graph.s$set comment "$fn"
$set++;
}

sub AddTheoryRg
{
  $N=200;
  $qmin=1;
  $qmax=10000;

  for ($i=0;$i<$N;$i++)
    {
      $x=10**($i/$N*log10($qmax/$qmin)+log10($qmin));

## comes from a c library
      $y=DoubleTube::RadiusGyration2($b,$x,$dC,$Phi,$l)/
         DoubleTube::RadiusGyration2($b,$x,$dC,$Phi,1.0);

#g$graph.s$set point $x,$y
    }

#g$graph.s$set symbol 0
#g$graph.s$set line type 1
#g$graph.s$set line linestyle $ls
#g$graph.s$set line linewidth $lw

#g$graph.s$set line color 1
#g$graph.s$set comment "theory $fn"

  $set++;
}


sub AddTheoryRee
{
  $N=200;
  $qmin=0.1;
  $qmax=5000;

  for ($i=0;$i<$N;$i++)
    {
      $x=10**($i/$N*log10($qmax/$qmin)+log10($qmin));

      $y=DoubleTube::RxxC($b,$dC,$Phi,$x,$l)/
         DoubleTube::RxxC($b,$dC,$Phi,$x,1.0);

#g$graph.s$set point $x,$y
    }

#g$graph.s$set symbol 0
#g$graph.s$set line type 1
#g$graph.s$set line linestyle $ls
#g$graph.s$set line linewidth $lw

#g$graph.s$set line color 1
#g$graph.s$set comment "theory $fn"

  $set++;
}

sub LoadFileRee
{
  $fn=shift;

  ($lam)= $fn =~ /s(\d\d\d)/;
  if ($fn =~ /x$/) {$l=$lam/100;}
  if ($fn =~ /y$/) {$l=1.0/sqrt($lam/100);}

  $simsym=1;
  if ($fn=~/s200/ and $fn=~/x$/ ) { $simsym=8; }
  if ($fn=~/s200/ and $fn=~/y$/ ) { $simsym=9; }
  if ($fn=~/s400/ and $fn=~/x$/ ) { $simsym=2; }
  if ($fn=~/s400/ and $fn=~/y$/ ) { $simsym=3; }

  $xold=0;
  open FI,"$fn";
  while ()
     {
        ($n,$x)=split ;
        next unless &$filter($n,$xold);

#g$graph.s$set point $n,$x
        $xold=$n;
     }
  close(FI);

#g$graph.s$set symbol $simsym
#g$graph.s$set symbol size 1.5
#g$graph.s$set symbol linewidth 3.0
#g$graph.s$set line type 0
#g$graph.s$set symbol color 1
#g$graph.s$set comment "$fn"
$set++;
}


sub LoadFileRee2
{
  $fn=shift;

  ($lam)= $fn =~ /s(\d\d\d)/;
  if ($fn =~ /x$/) {$l=$lam/100;}
  if ($fn =~ /y$/) {$l=1.0/sqrt($lam/100);}

  $simsym=1;
  if ($fn=~/s200/ and $fn=~/x$/ ) { $simsym=8; }
  if ($fn=~/s200/ and $fn=~/y$/ ) { $simsym=9; }
  if ($fn=~/s400/ and $fn=~/x$/ ) { $simsym=2; }
  if ($fn=~/s400/ and $fn=~/y$/ ) { $simsym=3; }

  $xold=0;
  open FI,"$fn";
  while ()
     {
        ($n,$x)=split ;
        $x/=$b2*$n;

        next unless &$filter($n,$xold);

#g$graph.s$set point $n,$x
        $xold=$n;
     }
  close(FI);

#g$graph.s$set symbol $simsym
#g$graph.s$set symbol size 1.5
#g$graph.s$set symbol linewidth 3.0
#g$graph.s$set line type 0
#g$graph.s$set symbol color 1
#g$graph.s$set comment "$fn"
$set++;
}

sub LoadFile
{
  $fn=shift;

  ($lam)= $fn =~ /s(\d\d\d)/;
  if ($fn =~ /qx$/) {$l=$lam/100;}
  if ($fn =~ /qy$/) {$l=1.0/sqrt($lam/100);}

  $simsym=1;
  if ($fn=~/s200/ and $fn=~/x_n$/ ) { $simsym=8; }
  if ($fn=~/s200/ and $fn=~/y_n$/ ) { $simsym=9; }
  if ($fn=~/s400/ and $fn=~/x_n$/ ) { $simsym=2; }
  if ($fn=~/s400/ and $fn=~/y_n$/ ) { $simsym=3; }
  
  if ($fn=~/SSS20/i)  {$col=2;}
  if ($fn=~/SSS100/i) {$col=3;}
  if ($fn=~/SSS500/i) {$col=4;}

  $pat=0;
  if ($fn=~ m|/ga|i) {$pat=1;}

  $count=0;
  open FI,"$fn" or die "$! $fn\n";
  while ()
    {
      next if (/^#/);
      ($x,$y)= split ;
   
      $xtab[$count]=$x;
      $ytab[$count]=$y;
      $count++;
    }
  close FI;

  $xold=0;
  for ($i=0;$i<$count;$i++)
    {
      $x=$xtab[$i];
      $y=$ytab[$i];
      
      if (&$filter($x,$xold))
       {
#g$graph.s$set point $x,$y
          $xold=$x;
        }
    }

#g$graph.s$set symbol $simsym
#g$graph.s$set symbol size 1.5
#g$graph.s$set symbol linewidth 3.0
#g$graph.s$set line type 0
#g$graph.s$set symbol color $col
#g$graph.s$set comment "$fn"
#g$graph.s$set symbol fill color $col
#g$graph.s$set symbol fill pattern $pat

$set++;
}

sub log10 { $x=shift; return log($x)/log(10);}

sub LoadTheory
{
  $fn=shift;

  $count=0;
  open FI,"$fn" or die "$! $fn\n";
  while ()
    {
      next if (/^#/);
      ($x,$y)= split ;

#g$graph.s$set point $x,$y
    }
  close FI;

#s$set symbol 0
#s$set line type 1
#s$set line linestyle $ls
#g$graph.s$set line linewidth $lw
#s$set line color 1
#s$set comment "theory $fn"

  $set++;
}

##defines an axis

sub Axis
{
$set=0;
$graph=shift;

#g$graph on
#with g$graph
#world ymin 0.25
#world ymax 18
#world xmin 1.01
#world xmax 999

#xaxis  ticklabel skip 0

#yaxes scale logarithmic
#yaxis tick minor ticks 0
#yaxis tick major 4
#yaxis tick major size 0.5
#yaxis ticklabel format general
#yaxis ticklabel prec 2
#yaxis ticklabel off

#xaxes scale logarithmic
#xaxis tick minor ticks 0
#xaxis tick major 10
#xaxis tick major size 0.5
#xaxis ticklabel format power
#xaxis ticklabel prec 0
#xaxis label "n"

#yaxis label char size 3.0
#xaxis label char size 3.0
#yaxis ticklabel char size 2.5
#xaxis ticklabel char size 2.5
#xaxis tick major size 1.5
#yaxis tick major size 1.5

#subtitle size 2.5
}


sub AxisRg
{
$graph=shift;
$set=0;

#g$graph on
#with g$graph
#world ymin 0.22
#world ymax 18
#world xmin 1.01
#world xmax 999
#xaxis ticklabel skip 0

#yaxes scale logarithmic
#yaxis tick minor ticks 0
#yaxis tick major 4
#yaxis tick major size 0.5
##yaxis ticklabel format power
#yaxis ticklabel prec 2
#yaxis ticklabel off

#xaxes scale logarithmic
#xaxis tick minor ticks 0
#xaxis tick major 10
#xaxis tick major size 0.5
#xaxis ticklabel format power
#xaxis ticklabel prec 0
#xaxis ticklabel off
#xaxis label ""

#yaxis label char size 3.0
#xaxis label char size 3.0
#yaxis ticklabel char size 2.5
#xaxis ticklabel char size 2.5
#xaxis tick major size 1.5
#yaxis tick major size 1.5

#subtitle size 2.5
}

## the filter handles equidistant spacing of datapoints on a logscale.

$stepping=1.65;
$filter=sub { my $x=shift; my $xold=shift; return ($x>$xold*$stepping); };


##select what to plot, notice the advantage of using systematic filenames.

sub Plot
{
$base=shift;

$stepping=1.65;
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s200.${path}500.qx_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s200.${path}500.qy_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s400.${path}500.qx_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s400.${path}500.qy_n"); 

$stepping=1.45;
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s200.${path}100.qx_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s200.${path}100.qy_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s400.${path}100.qx_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s400.${path}100.qy_n"); 

$stepping=1.25;
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s200.${path}20.qx_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s200.${path}20.qy_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s400.${path}20.qx_n"); 
LoadFile("$dir/${base}s400.${path}20.qy_n"); 


LoadTheory("$dir/ths200.${path}500.qx_n");
LoadTheory("$dir/ths200.${path}500.qy_n");
LoadTheory("$dir/ths400.${path}500.qx_n");
LoadTheory("$dir/ths400.${path}500.qy_n");
}

sub PlotRg
{
LoadFileRg("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_scaled_s200.x");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_scaled_s200.y");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_scaled_s400.x");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_scaled_s400.y");  AddTheoryRg();
}

sub PlotRg2
{
LoadFileRg2("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_s100.x");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg2("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_s200.x");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg2("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_s200.y");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg2("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_s400.x");  AddTheoryRg();
LoadFileRg2("rg_abc/rg_data_scat/rg_s400.y");  AddTheoryRg();
}

sub PlotRee
{
LoadFileRee("mdi/xc80l3500t1s200.SSS500.sx");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee("mdi/xc80l3500t1s200.SSS500.sy");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee("mdi/xc80l3500t1s400.SSS500.sx");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee("mdi/xc80l3500t1s400.SSS500.sy");  AddTheoryRee();
}

sub PlotRee2
{
LoadFileRee2("mdi/xc80l3500t1s100.SSS500.x");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee2("mdi/xc80l3500t1s200.SSS500.x");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee2("mdi/xc80l3500t1s200.SSS500.y");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee2("mdi/xc80l3500t1s400.SSS500.x");  AddTheoryRee();
LoadFileRee2("mdi/xc80l3500t1s400.SSS500.y");  AddTheoryRee();
}

$dC=$dC_rnd;
$pat=0;

##generate axis labels, look at the xmgrace manual for  \x and so on.

AxisRg(0);
#xaxis ticklabel on
#yaxis ticklabel on
#yaxis  label place spec
#yaxis  label place 0.0, 0.15
#yaxis label char size 3.5
#yaxis label "\xl\f{}\seff\N\S2\N"
#subtitle "R\sg\N\S2\N(N\sl\N;\xl\sa\N\f{})/R\sg\N\S2\N(N\sl\N)"

#xaxis ticklabel on
#xaxis label "N\sl\N"
$ls=1; $lw=2; $Phi=$Phi_rnd;  PlotRg();


AxisRg(1);

#xaxis ticklabel on
#subtitle "R\sg\N\S2\N(N\sl\N;\xl\sa\N\f{})/[b\S2\N(N\sl\N-1)/6]"
#xaxis ticklabel on
#xaxis label "N\sl\N"
$ls=1; $lw=2; $Phi=$Phi_rnd;  PlotRg2();



AxisRg(2);
#xaxis ticklabel on
#subtitle "r\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n;\xl\sa\N\f{})/r\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n)"
#subtitle size 2.75

#xaxis ticklabel on
#xaxis label "n"
$ls=1; $lw=2; $Phi=$Phi_rnd;  PlotRee();


AxisRg(3);

#xaxis ticklabel on
#subtitle "r\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n;\xl\sa\N\f{})/[b\S2\Nn]"
#xaxis ticklabel on
#xaxis label "n"
#subtitle size 2.75

$ls=1; $lw=2; $Phi=$Phi_rnd;  PlotRee2();







$dir="inversion";
$path='SSS';

Axis(4);
#subtitle "q\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n)/q\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n,\xl\sa\f{}\N)"

$ls=1; $lw=2;
Plot("ex");


$dir="inversion";
Axis(5);
#subtitle "q\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n)/q\s\xa\f{}\N\S2\N(n,\xl\sa\f{}\N)"
Plot("ga");

## I need to control how graphs are positioned, and where labels are inserted in graphs.

$width=0.68;
$xmin=0.22;
for ($n=0; $n<=$graph; $n++)
{
$s=chr($n+97);

if ($n==2) {$xmin+=0.1;}
if ($n==4) {$xmin+=0.1;}
$xlab=$xmin+0.03;
$xmax=$xmin+$width;

#with g$n
#    view xmin $xmin
#    view xmax $xmax
#    view ymin 0.210000
#    view ymax 0.850000

#with string
#    string on
#    string loctype view
#    string $xlab, 0.75
#    string char size 3.000000
#    string def "$s)"
    
$xmin+=$width;
}

#redraw